Even Greener Pastures

@Nikola
1) I have similar views to the difference between 'right' and 'law'.
I treated the freedom and liberty as synonymous so far... Giving it a deeper thought  I would say (without checking anything in dictionary) that freedom is more what we feel and the liberty is a more abstract concept meaning all that *freedoms* our countries provide us by the use of law. But it's different to what I heard in the debate yesterday.
2) The same with prawo, but we use it for individual rules too. The word "zakon" in Polish means the monastery (building) or the group of monks/nuns (congregation) or the order they obey (e.g. the monks of the Franciscan Order). In this context one of the Harry Potter books has the title "Zakon Feniksa".
We have the word "swoboda" but it's rather the freedom of movement or freedom of doing what you want to do. So wolność and swoboda work just opposite way in our languages (like many other words).
3) I'm not sure. I was thinking everybody sees the difference between the law and the right even though we use the same word - it's like everyone sees the difference between the door lock and the castle even though both are called "zamek" (at least in Russian they differentiate "замок" with different accent placing but Polish isn't accent-sensitive).

@Pasha
I can agree that in societies with dysfunctional  law, when the freedom is not granted by it (or is granted in theory only), the power is what you use to provide a kind of freedom to you.
We often forget it living in countries like EU members, US and others. Our countries give us at least the illusion of safety. Of course everybody knows that things like murders are happening and that some groups of citizens are privileged in the eyes of authorities. But we  feel we have the enough amount of freedom and safety.
I remember it was similar even in the times of communism (speaking about ordinary criminal assaults not about the political things) - the people were feeling safe and protected by the police (which had more rights and privileges then - now they have more limits and rules to obey).